The Steel Standard is Outdated
Why modern ballistic data challenges decades-old assumptions about copper, bismuth, and steel shot.
This article challenges the outdated “steel standard” used to evaluate shotgun shot materials, arguing it no longer fairly represents modern options like copper and bismuth. It explains how steel was originally accepted through compensatory performance adjustments and how that same framework is now inconsistently applied. The piece presents copper shot as a next-generation material that offers improved consistency, energy retention, and effective range when evaluated as a full ballistic system rather than by density alone.
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